Nubia, at the edges of Egypt, which had off and on been controlled or occupied by Egypt off and on since the third millenium BC, asserted its own newfound power in a dramatic way, ruling outright from about 750 BC to 661 BC, and afterward surviving as as an independent Egyptian kingdom (Kush; capital Meroe) for a thousand years. Ethiopia, to the south of Nubia, controlled or occupied that region of the Nile for periods as well.


Nubians were much darker skinned than the Egyptians, so the Greeks called them Aithiopes

Vers le Sud

Never despise the land of Africa, the land called by ancients, the realm of the gods. It has long been believed that 'twas on soil now Egyptian where Moses received the Ten Commandments -- revered and honored by the adherents of three great religions of world history -- the religion of Jews, the religion of Christians, and the religion of Islam. And far back into distant antiquity, the Nile produced a civilization in some respects still never equaled.

See America's Founding - Pyramidology and the Great Seal. For a modern Muslim who both loves America as well as offers some hopeful criticism (which I believe is fair and timely), see Anouar Magid, A Call for Heresy.

Tehuti Institute. Never despise the land of Africa, of Mizraim, the Egypts, Cush and Ham, the "land of the South" as the Hebrew Bible sometimes says. Bin Yamin, son of the right hand. Moses himself had married an Ethiopian woman, and for doing so was attacked by his older sister Miriam. For more on Moses.

Origins of Civilization
According to Count C.F. Volney, Civilization originated along the Nile: It was the Ethiopians who were "the first who invented the science of the stars, and gave names to the planets, not at random and without meaning, but descriptive of the qualities which they conceived them to possess; and it was from them that this art passed, still in an imperfect state, to the Egyptians ... The first learned nation was a nation of Blacks; for it is incontrovertible, that, by the term Ethiopians, the ancients meant to represent a people of black complexion, thick lips, and woolly hair." for more on the Nile civilizations.

Ancient Egypt, Misraim as the rabbis called it -- the Egypts (plural). But in ancient times it was known as Kemet -- a name which literally means "nation of the black people."

KEYWORDS = Aduana, Nana Banchie Darkwah, Black Spirituality Religion, KMT, Egypt, Dr. Ben Jochannan, nwka ankh

Wallis Budge
The Papyrus of Ani is a papyrus manuscript written in cursive hieroglyphs and illustrated with color miniatures created in the 19th dynasty of the New Kingdom of Ancient Egypt.

Egyptians compiled an individualized book for each person at their death, called the "Book of Going Forth by Day". This book is more commonly known as the Book of the Dead. It usually contained declarations and spells to help the deceased in their afterlife. The "Book of the Dead" for scribe Ani from Thebes is the manuscript called the Papyrus of Ani. (ie, The Egyptian Book of the Dead) Also, Tim Carnahan's Ancient Texts

Who are the Nubians?
Nubia is the homeland of Africa's earliest black culture with a history which can be traced from 3800 B.C. onward through Nubian monuments and artifacts, as well as written records from Egypt and Rome. In antiquity, Nubia was a land of great natural wealth, of gold mines, ebony, ivory and incense which was always prized by her neighbors. Significantly, the Nubians are believed to be the first human race on earth, and most of their customs and traditions were adopted by the ancient Egyptians [Diodorus; History, Book III: 2).. To the Greeks, they were known as Ethiopians and Nubia as the land of Punts, i.e. the land of gods. [Dr. Stuart Tyson Smith]

Cradle of Civilization
These east African (black) people were culturally advanced, influencing lower Egypt, whose capital was Memphis, the biblical Noph. From there, they pollinated not only the Levant, Phoenicia and Carthage, but Greece as well. At the apex of its glory, Egypt held sway over much of the known world. Herodotus called the Nile (Egypt) the mother of civilization. Molefi Asante writes that Plato was taught in Africa by Seknoufis and Kounoufis. Plato alluded indirectly when he notes, in the Timaeus, that a Greek aspirant to wisdom would visit Egypt for initiation into Mystery wisdom. But even before Plato was Pythagoras. He was a student in Egypt for several years. (cf. Herodotus, Diogenes, Laertuis.)

In fact, George James notes that the ancient Egyptians had developed a very complex religious system, called the Mysteries, which was also the first system of salvation. These were the seminal notions that, spiritually speaking, inseminated Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Thus we call Africa, "the mother of western civilization." See the writings of Yosef Ben-Jochanan.

Km (hieroglyph), km.t the name of ancient Egypt in Egyptian. KMT or kemet refer to black. English Egyptologists assumed that the blackness referred to the rich alluvial soil of the Nile valley, but such is not the case. The word actually refers to the first race of the Nile --- who were not merely swarthy, but kemet (black skinned) or "Negro." : The Ausar Auset of Ra Un Nefer Amen is a syncretic approach revived within the back to Afica or pan-Africanist movement (Black Nationalism).

Watch: The Divine Brides of Nubia

Zee Zetteke tells me
The Kushites or Nubians were an important part of the Egyptian civilisation ... To ensure Egyptian dominance over the Kingdom of Kush or other black civilisations, sons of their rulers would be taken to Egypt to be raised as Egyptian and later placed on the thrones of conquered or friendly black nations... After the decline of great parts of Egyptian civilisation ...

Black Pharaohs ruled what was left of the Egyptian realm in the 25th dynasty. But much earlier records state their importance as kingdoms and trading partners. There was a brilliant travelling exhibit here in the Netherlands years ago accompanied by a great book about the black Pharaohs... It is heartbreaking to see that now In the Sudan and elsewhere traces of that history are being destroyed by religious fanatics ...

BBC: Black Egyptian Origin of Civilisation

According to BBC World Service, one of the main academic proponents of the view that the ancient Egyptian civilisation was founded by black Africans was the Senegalese historian Cheikh Anta Diop.

"Ancient Egypt was a Negro civilisation. The history of Black Africa will remain suspended in the air and cannot be written correctly until African historians dare to connect it with the history of Egypt. The African historian who evades the problem of Egypt is neither modest nor objective nor unruffled. He is ignorant, cowardly and neurotic. The ancient Egyptians were Negroes. The moral fruit of their civilisation is to be counted among the assets of the Black world."

( Cheikh Anta Diop, taken from The African Origin of Civilisation).